KINGDOM OF CAMBODIA
Nation Religion King
* * * * *
Khmer Classical Dance
MINISTRY OF CULTURE AND FINE ARTS IN COOPERATE WITH UNESCO PHNOM PENH SUPPORTED BY JAPANESE GOVERNMENT
CONTENT
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 5
FOREWORD 7
PREFACE 9
CHAPTER 1 11
I. HISTORY OF CAMBODIA’S CLASSICAL DANCE 11
1. KEYWORDS 11
2. PREHISTORIC PERIOD 11
2.1. Notion of Khmer Classical Dance 11
2.2. Khmer Beliefs and Religions 13
3. HISTORIC PERIOD 15
3.1. Funan Period (first – sixth century A.D.) 15
3.2. Chenla Period (7th – 8th century A.D.) 16
3.3. Angkor Period (9th – 14th century A.D.) 17
3.4. Post-Angkor Period 25
3.5. Concept of Art in Royal Ballet Dance 28
II. PERFORMING METHODOLOGY 28
III. DANCING STAGE 29
IV. STAGE DECORATION 29
V. SAMPEAH KROU (PRAYING CEREMONY) 30
VI. COSTUME AND ORNAMENTATION 30
1. COSTUME DRESSING AND DRESSES OF CLASSICAL DANCE 30
2. ORNAMENTATION OF KHMER CLASSICAL DANCE 35
VII. PICTURE AND MEANING OF KHMER CLASSICAL DANCE 39
VIII. MEANING OF KHMER CLASSICAL DANCE 46
1. MEANING OF ROYAL BALLET OR KHMER CLASSICAL DANCE 46
2. CHARACTERISTICS OF MEANING OF DANCE LANGUAGE 47
2.1. Symbol Characteristics 47
2.2. Reality of the Dance 47
2.3. Pure Dancing or Kbach Loak 47
2.4. Transitional Gesture or Interval Gesture 47
3. DEMONSTRATING THE MEANING OF KHMER CLASSICAL DANCE 49
IX. MUSIC AND SONG ACCOMPANIED BY THE KHMER CLASSICAL DANCE 50
CHAPTER 2 67
STATISTICS OF DANCES AND KHMER CLASSICAL DANCE 67
I. LIST OF DANCES AND KHMER LKHON CLASSICAL DANCE 67
1. UNDERSTANDING OF KHMER CLASSICAL DANCE 67
2. DEFINITION 67
a. Devata (goddess) 68
b. Tep Apsara (Apsara) 68
c. Literature 68
d. Inscriptions 69
3. NAMES OF DANCES AND LKHON KBACH BORAN (CLASSICAL DANCE) 69
4. LIST OF REVIVAL OF CLASSICAL DANCE OR ROYAL BALLET 70
a. Names of Dances 70
b. List of Lost Khmer Classical Dance or Royal Ballet 72
c. List Revival Lkhon Kbach Boran or Khmer Royal Ballet 73
d. List of Lost Lkhon Boran or Khmer Royal Ballet 74
5. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF KHMER CLASSICAL DANCE 75
6. LKHON KBACH BORAN KHMER (KHMER CLASSICAL DANCE) 83
II. MUSIC ACCOMPANY LKHON BORAN (CLASSICAL THEATER) 89
III. SOME EPISODES IN INAV BUSSA BA 90
1. SOURCE OF INAV BUSSA BA 90
2. BRIEF HISTORY OF INAV BUSSA BA 92
a. Brief Summary of Ya Ran Chasing a Peacock 93
b. Brief Summary of Inav Bussa Ba (Part I) 93
c. Brief Summary of Inav Bussaba (Part II) in the Research 94
4. THE TEXT OF INAV BUSSA BA 94
CHAPTER 3 97
PRESERVATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF KHMER CLASSICAL DANCE 97
1. ETERNAL VALUES 97
2. CONCEPT OF LIFE COSMOLOGY 97
3. GODSHIP 98
4. INTANGIBLE CULTURAL HERITAGE 98
5. VISION IN CONSERVATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF KHMER CLASSICAL DANCE 99
6. CONSERVATION 99
CONCLUSION 104
APPENDIX 107
I. LIST OF KHMER CLASSICAL ART MASTERS 107
1. THE REIGN OF THE KING ANG DUONG (1840 – 1859) 107
2. THE REIGN OF KING NORODOM 108
3. THE REIGN OF THE MAJESTY KING SISOWATH 109
4. THE REIGN OF THE KING MONIVONG 111
5. THE REIGN OF PRAH BAT NORODOM SORAMARITH AND THE QUEEN KOSAMAK NEARIRATH SEREIVADHANA 112
6. THE REIGN OF HIS MAJESTY PREAH BAT SAMDECH PREAH NORODOM SIHANOUK 114
7. PEOPLE REPUBLIC OF CAMBODIA … 116
II. NAMES OF TRADITIONAL MUSICIANS 120
III. ACTIVITIES OF RESEARCHER TEAM 122
1. DATA COLLECTION DURING THE SEMINAR ON KHMER CLASSICAL DANCE 122
2. ACTIVITIES OF RESEARCH TEAMS AT THE PROVINCES 122
REFERENCES 125